The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) service provides network authentication in such scenarios as 802.1x wired and ...

The Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) service provides network authentication in such scenarios as 802.1x wired and wireless, VPN, and Network Access Protection (NAP).  EAP also provides application programming interfaces (APIs) that are used by network access clients, including wireless and VPN clients, during the authentication process.  If you disable this service, this computer is prevented from accessing networks that require EAP authentication.